Stand in Hurricane

 So many climate changes are going and due to heavy pressure, all-natural calamities are seen. But how do stand and sustain in these calamities? Today we will discuss how to build a house or building which can stand and sustain in Hurricane.

Hurricane 2022 is given a problem for western countries. But with a few tips, your building will stand strong in a hurricane. These tips are for new construction. which want to design the house or building hurricane resistant.

Before knowing how to build a house a hurricane-proof. we have to study two things. what is a hurricane and what happens in a hurricane?  So a hurricane is just a cyclone, where the wind moves in point rotation. 

Now let's see how we can build a building that will be hurricane-proof. It can be divided into 5 manners

• The shape of the building.
• Engineering.
• The material used in building. 
• Connection.
• Sustainability. 

The shape of the building should be in a curve manner from all sides. So that the wind hit the building should pass without any obstruction. More the obstruction in the building., the more pressure will be given to the building. hence curve help in the proper wind flow.

The building should be designed in an engineering manner. Proper structure and wind pressure design are considered in designing. Even the type of footing is also a concern part, As wind pressure is so high.

The material should be smooth and the surface should not have wear and tear. In Hurricane apart wind moisture is also there.  Clay bricks in ideal for wind pressure, Even an MS truss is also will work. Window Glass should be in the high-pressure category.

The connection between column and roof should be strong and have the ability to retain its position in hurricanes.

Circular buildings are more sustainable. Pitch roofs which helps in wind flow

Pound is low, Now to invest in properties

 With new UK management, the pound came very low. Investors are searching the area of investment. The real-time is to buy land or properties.  This effect is global and everyone needs sustained growth in their investment. The interest rate has also become very high. 

Now the situation is very difficult although the UK government is doing hard for the correction it will take a long time. it's just a starting. And for the long term property investment is the ideal choice for foreigners. Big investment for industries is also considered.

With fast changes in the market, it is very important to be prior and invest in the UK. With lower, pound will help in investment. The government is also looking for the same opportunities. This will stabilize the situation and the moment of the market.

As the pound in sinking government will go will tax relaxation also and it will benefit the investment side for foreigners. Industries where the tax play a major role will help investors to take step toward UK investment. Daily needs are also affected.

• UK government wants to lower the tax rate. Effected on Pound
• More work on tax relaxation will be seen
• It will help to bring more investor 

Now if the government really want to attract investor, then they have to work on the loan rate also.  The pound fall may be an attraction for the investors but at the same time, they want to have good faith in the UK  work line.

In the eighties, the pound value was not considered seriously. and the dollar was gone with a fly. Now it's very important for investors to invest in land and properties for high and good returns. Construction value is also invested.

It was expected that after the pandemic the situation will be controlled and the effect on finances will recover,  but it seem to be totally different as the Bank increased the interest rates. Many talk shows and in news are in need of the answer to such situations.

Following the trend of the USA, the UK and other countries are following the same steps on hiking the interest rate, but the situation is totally different countries-wise. 

 

Importances of Sunshade, tie beams and R.c.c Mullion

SUNSHADE 

It's a big mistake if we do not construct sunshades. The sunshade is very useful for protecting against sun and rainfall. With all buildings, a structure sunshade is also designed considering the location of the window and the rainfall type in that area. The amount of cantilever needed for sunshades depends on the sun and rain, but it should not be less than 0.5 x  the height of the window. For Example height of the window is 1.2 M, so the cantilever should be not less than 0.6M.

Apart from the sunshade cantilever, drip mold is also very important. to break the flow of water through the surface has to be blocked with drip mold. small offset as shown in the photo, break the flow. 

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Now the Same has to follow for the door area also. Sunshade reinforcement is from the beam hence beam has to be designed considering the same. Many times you have seen that most of the time people miss the sunshade and later they go with M.S steel shades. it is also called Chajja

TIE BEAM

Do you provide R.C.C coping in a 9-inch brick wall? if your answer is no then you are wrong. R.C.C. Coping is very necessary as it helps avoid cracks. similarly, if cut lintel is provided then at that level copping is provided. But why do contractors avoid doing r.c.c copping? There might be two reasons 1) Most of the time in 9-inch wall r.c.c copping rates are included, hence they avoid. 2) R.c.c copping comes at the height of  900 mm and at that level you have to stop the brickwork, which pauses the brickwork, which takes time hence contractor avoids the same.  It is also very important to put r.c.c copping reinforcement to the column. 

MULLION

 In half brick wall, r.c.c Mullion is a must as it gives strength to a half brick wall, the r.c.c Mullion column reinforcement is taken from flooring steel. R.c.c Mullion columns are mostly at the corner and at the edge of the opening also when the length of a brick wall is long.

Importance and Applications of Sunshades, Lintels, and R.C.C. Mullions in Construction

Introduction

Construction is a field that requires precise planning and implementation to ensure safety, durability, and efficiency. Among various structural components, sunshades, lintels, and R.C.C. mullions play a vital role in maintaining the integrity of a building while enhancing its functionality.

1. Sunshades (Chhajjas)

1.1 Definition and Purpose

Sunshades, commonly known as chhajjas, are projections built above windows, doors, and balconies to provide shade and protection from rain, sunlight, and dust.

1.2 Importance of Sunshades

• Prevention of direct sunlight
• Protection from rain
• Aesthetic enhancement
• Reduction of UV exposure

1.3 Materials Used for Sunshades

• R.C.C. (Reinforced Cement Concrete)
• Metal (Steel/Aluminum)
• Wooden Sunshades
• Polycarbonate Sheets

2. Lintels

2.1 Definition and Purpose

A lintel is a horizontal structural member placed above doors, windows, and ventilators to support the weight of the wall above and distribute the load to sidewalls.

2.2 Importance of Lintels

• Load Distribution
• Preventing Cracks
• Structural Stability
• Architectural Flexibility

2.3 Types of Lintels

• R.C.C. Lintels
• Brick Lintels
• Steel Lintels
• Wooden Lintels
• Stone Lintels

3. R.C.C. Mullions

3.1 Definition and Purpose

Mullions are vertical structural elements placed between window or door panels to provide support and separation.

3.2 Importance of R.C.C. Mullions

• Structural Reinforcement
• Resistance to Wind Loads
• Enhances Design Flexibility
• Energy Efficiency

Comparison of Sunshades, Lintels, and R.C.C. Mullions

Structural Element	Purpose	Common Materials	Where Used
Sunshades (Chhajjas)	Protects from sun and rain	R.C.C., metal, polycarbonate	Above windows, balconies
Lintels	Transfers load above openings	R.C.C., steel, brick, wood	Above doors, windows
R.C.C. Mullions	Provides vertical support for openings	R.C.C., aluminum, steel	Between large windows, curtain walls

Conclusion

Sunshades, lintels, and R.C.C. mullions are essential components in modern construction. Understanding their significance and proper implementation ensures safer, energy-efficient, and durable structures.

#08/01/2023

Type of Foundation in construction

Foundation in construction is just like a foot in the body, it takes all the load and distributes it to the ground. The mass you can consider steel and bone as concrete structures.

In construction basically, there are two types of foundations 

1)  Deep Foundation 

2) Shallow foundation

Now the deep foundation is a foundation that is deeper than 10 feet, these foundations are selected where the soil is not hard and can't take the load of the structure, hence foundation is taken deeper and blub is provided for friction. The best example is piles foundation. 

A shallow foundation is less deep and depth is less than 10 feet. 

Simple box footing / Isolated footing. 

Trapezoidal footing / Isolated footing.

Strap Footing.

Combine  footing

Raft foundation / Mat footing 

Eccentric foundation

Above are examples of foundations.

Simple box footing is considered where the strata are good and can take the building load. Most residential buildings have simple box footing

 Trapezoidal footing is also considered for small works. but to save more concrete trapezoidal foundation is taken.

Strap footing is the footing to which a beam is connected. This footing is considered for any reason, as the above connection is not possible or to less the concrete depth. strap footing is considers 

When columns are very close combined footing is considered where excavation and shuttering are difficult to execute.

Raft foundation is taken when the basement is planned or the number of columns is more in a small area. hence the depth of the foundation is reduced the full raft is laid, from which the column is taken up.

An eccentric foundation is a foundation where the column is not the center of the footing. This is because of space concerns. 

If we consider the load-bearing foundation then the footing is taken as per the wall, in the early days this type of foundation was taken, in which column and beam were not considered.  you can see the image of the wall foundation. 

Selection of foundation

Foundation is selected as per the load on it secondly soil strata and last the space available at the site. These all criteria help in the selection of the foundation. Mostly in residential areas single/individual foundation is taken.

Care to be taken in the foundation

1) Design of the foundation should be as per soil bearing capacity ( SBC ).

2) Foundation base should be perfectly horizontal, the level should be done in p.c.c. p.c.c should be treated as level coarse.

3) Foundation curing is a must, it must be a cure for 7 days minimum and after that backfilling with water can be done.

4) No. Honeycomb should be present as there will be no plaster on it. All small holes must be packed with NSG (non-shrinkage grout )

5) treatment of termites has to be done before the foundation backfilling.

6) After the foundation concrete, the column area which will be cast later has to be rough ( or you can leave coarse aggregate for proper bonding between foundation and column. 

Frequently ask questions

1) what should be the minimum depth of foundation taken for the small house building?

A1) It is always advisable to rest the footing on solid strata. The clay soil layer should be avoided. 

2) P.C.C is required for the foundation.

A2) Yes, p.c.c is required to avoid contact between soil and concrete.

3) What is the slump for foundation 

A3) Slump for the foundation can be 90 to 110 

4) what is the best method of curing foundation

A4) waterproofing compound is the best method. As it's refuse the curing days. 

5) Cost of foundation?

A5) Cost of the foundation is Rs. 10,000 /M3 (INR)

Type of machine involved in foundation work 

To start the foundation work, the most important thing is the marking and the layout, for that we need a Total station machine or theodolite to give proper marking at which 90-degree angle. After marking we will need excavated machine for big foundations or labor for small foundations. After the proper excavation, we will need a concrete mixer machine for p.c.c and foundation work. If depth is more pipe or shoots will be required to lay the concrete. 

A foundation is the lowest level of a building, it is the first part of the building which makes it stand safely on the ground. The foundation of any structure is the lowest part of the construction of the structure. It is the supporting layer of a building on the ground that is at the lowest level of the building.

A foundation is the lowest part of a building or structure. It is the part that supports the entire building. Foundations are typically underground but may be partially exposed. The word "foundation" also refers to the lowest layer beneath any other part of a building, the lowest part of any structure, or the bottom surface of any object that's hollow, like a bowl or a canoe. The foundation of a house can be made of concrete or brick. The base of a building is the lowest layer or level of a structure. It's the part that touches the ground. To build a house, you must start with a solid base.

The foundation of a building is considered to be the most important part of a commercial construction project. It is the base of the building and the first part of the structure to be built. For this reason, the foundation is designed to support the weight of the entire building while remaining solid and strong. The foundation of a building can be constructed in many different ways, depending on the soil conditions where the building is to be built

The foundation of a building is extremely important, in fact, it is often one of the most important parts of the whole building. Why? Well, if the foundation is weak, then the building will be unstable and could even fall over. In the same way, if the foundation is weak in your business, then your business will not be stable and run smoothly. Keep reading to learn about the most important things you need to know about your building's foundation.

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Furniture

American top company Bed Bath & Beyond is very famous for its domestic merchandise store. They are increasing the stores in North America, South America, and Canada. 1971 bed Bath was stabilized. It is listed in Forbes and also come in fortune 500, and marked its presence in Global 2000.

If You are looking for Ready to assemble beds, a sofa, tables, a wardrobe, or any type of furniture? IKEA is the best place. Although IKEA is a Dutch multinational company, They have feet in many countries. late 1943 company was started with limited furniture services but in 2008 become the biggest furniture store. With furniture, it also provides kitchen appliances and home accessories.

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American next furniture store which making news is Room and Board. it's available in Minneapolis and Minnesota. Mr. Gabbert is the owner of the room and Board which is coming from his family. 24 store point presence makes Room and Board very easy to get in touch with the consumer. Most of the materials are imported from other countries.

Bassett Furniture Industries is a very old company made in 1902. It has almost 60 retail stores only in the USA. Bassett Furniture company is so big that it is listed n Nasdaq. Under the leadership of Robert Spilam jr. company is really performing well. Right now a special discount is going on, which is up to 50%. Bassett Furniture Ind. makes outdoor furniture.

Harveys Furniture has 150 stores in Uk. In every big city, you will find the Harveys Furniture store which is specialized in Dining and living area furniture. 1966 was the start of Harvey's furniture. But they come into furniture in 2003, company takeover M/s Steinhoff in 2005.

Furniture is a key thing in a room. Simplicity and comfort are the most important in furniture. kitchen to the bedroom and living room to outdoor, you will need furniture. In the early day furniture used to be made as per requirements, but after a long study and knowing the requirement of the user. Readymade furniture has fulfilled the dreams of many. the above companies have established so well with innovate furniture and client requirements.

. Furniture is labor-oriented work. But with huge types of machinery and tools making furniture is easy and fast. Here I will add one more thing which has helped furniture is their hardware. Nowadays lots of hinges, hydraulic pumps and channels are developed which result in beautiful furniture.

1. Problems with furniture?

Furniture is a thing that people need in their life, and it can be a huge problem if it's not comfortable for you. If you have a bad experience with furniture, you may think that you will never buy it ever again. But it's not true. There are many types of furniture that can be used in your house, and you should think carefully before you buy one. You should always ask yourself, whether you really need this piece of furniture in your house or not. And you also need to think about whether you can afford it or not. If you can't, you can always rent it. In the end, it's your choice whether you want to buy it or not. Do you have problems with your furniture? Do you have a wooden, plastic or iron furniture that has problems such as broken legs, broken handles, broken legs or handle, split doors, split drawers? Contact us to get a free quote. We will help you fix your furniture.

2. The advantages of wooden furniture.

Wooden furniture is a material that has always been loved by people and is still in use. There are many countries that use woods to make their furniture. The main advantage of furniture is that it has a long life, it is a material that is not the same as other materials. The furniture has a unique look, especially the wooden furniture. The best thing about using wood is that it is a renewable resource that is not harmed because of the use of wood. The most important thing about wood is that it preserves the environment and nature. Wooden furniture has always been a popular choice for homeowners. It is durable, and it can be crafted to look beautiful while blending into the rest of the home's decor. It will last for a long time, and it will improve the look and feel of your home. If you are interested in purchasing wooden furniture, you should know that there are many advantages to doing so. Take a look at some of the top reasons to purchase wooden furniture for your home below.

3. What kind of wooden furniture is best for you?

Making the right choice of furniture is one of the most important things in an individual’s life. This is because the furniture that is purchased is of a great importance to the people and the house that they live in. For this reason, it is very important for a person to consider the best kind of furniture for them. This is because some of the furniture that is available in the market is made from materials that are of low quality and this will not be good for the house and the people who live in it. The best kind of furniture that a person should have in their house is furniture that is made from wood. The reason why wood furniture is the best kind of furniture is that wood is the most durable material that can be found in nature. Wooden furniture is a popular choice for both homes and offices, thanks to its utility and durability. There are many different types of wood available for use in furniture, each with its own color and grain. Although the most common choices are oak, pine, and mahogany, there are many others that can be just as impressive. The type of wood used will depend on the piece of furniture you are looking to buy. Weather-resistant woods are a popular choice, such as teak and cedar, while lighter woods can add a touch of luxury to a room. Wooden furniture is available in an array of styles, from rustic to modern, and can be found in a variety of places, from antique and vintage stores to IKEA.

4. Where to get a good sofa?

This article is the ultimate guide to buying a sofa and will cover everything you need to know before making your purchase. Make sure to bookmark it and use this guide when you are looking for a new sofa to buy in the future. A sofa is a great investment for your home. If you live in an apartment and you have a small living room, a sofa is the best way to make the most out of the space you have. In this article, we will discuss the different types of sofas you can buy, how to buy a sofa, and the different materials that sofas are made of. The Internet is filled with thousands of furniture stores and it is really hard to distinguish one from another. We tried a lot of them and we were really disappointed, that’s why we’ve decided to create our own furniture store. We want to provide our customers with the best services and help them find the furniture they are looking for. We’ve been selling the best metal, wooden and plastic furniture for the past two years and we have a good reputation among our clients. We’re selling metal, wooden and plastic furniture at the most affordable prices. There are a lot of reasons why you should buy your furniture from our store. Firstly, we have a wide range of products to choose from, secondly, our prices are very affordable and lastly, we have a 30 days return policy.

Conclusion: Wood furniture is more comfortable than other materials, it doesn't matter how old it is.

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Best window for house or building

How to choose a window for a house, office, or commercial?

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The window is a very key factory that gives room light, air, and visibility. There today I will tell you how to select the perfect window for your room.

Now first we will see the type of window opening. That is how the window will open

1) Regular shutter window - there can be one panel or two panels. It works on hinges. As per requirement, it can be opened on the outer side or inner side of the room

  2) sliding window - these can be of two-track or multiple tracks. It works on channels and the shutter is a slide-by roller. 

3) upper hinge window- these windows are lifted outside and upward manner. These are also working on hinges.

Which window is best for your house?

Regular shutter window To get a full view without any obstruction regular shutter window is best. These windows can be made in wood ( teak ), UPVC, or Aluminium. Venders, please comment below your address for the purchaser.

Advantages of regular shutter windows. 1) Full view 

 2) Easy to open and close.

Disadvantages of regular shutter window.

1) If you open the window outside rain we the shutter inner portion also, Grill will be placed inside in this case and then it will be difficult to open the window

  2) if you open the shutter inside then it will be an obstruction for furniture and movement. 

3) After a time hinges give problem. 

4) you can't fix the mosquito net

Best window in regular shutter window

1) Aluminium ( NCL type ). 

2) UPVC window.

Sliding window These windows are introduced in modern days where you need a fast working and flush look. No hinges - no swinging shutters.

Advantages of sliding window

1) Easy is fixing. 

 2) Does not obstruct any inner or outside object.

 3) Mosquito net can be fixed easily. 

 4) Grill from the outer side can be fixed.

Disadvantages of sliding window

1) After a time due to dust on the track sliding does not work smoothly. 

2) In the rains water gets filled in track and if the holes are blocked water can come inside. 

3) In any case you can't get a full view of the opening.

Best in sliding windows are

1) UPVC windows

Upper hinge window

Truly, these windows are not workable. It's only an option if we want to fix the window in the pitched roof or any commercial facade

Advantages of upper hinge window

1) It's a different look. 

 2) very comfortable for small windows.  

3) you get a full view 

 4) as the shutter gets up you get a shed in a window.

Disadvantages of upper hinge windows

1) These windows are not rainproof. 

 2) Hinges have lots of pressure. It might get difficult to operate. 

3) lots of dust get accumulate on the window shutter. 

4) grills are difficult to fix.

Best in upper hinge window

1) Aluminium

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Now google will pay civil engineers

You are a civil engineer and you want to earn online? Start with google. Yes, google will pay you.

How will google pay a civil engineer? 

 Sharing your experience in engineering in form of blogs.

 Anything I have to pay for? 

 Everything is Free Free and Free 

 How to start? 

You have to make an account in google... Hope you have one. Then you have to open google blogger. There you have to start writing, or uploading photos and videos with your experience in engineering. You can see all the post's pages. 

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 Important tips before starting? Remember- 

 1)Do not copy and paste. If you want to pass you can use the HTML button and past between <p> past the article</p> 
2) You have to make some important pages like contact, terms, and conditions, declaration, and site map. 

 3) In the setting write meta text for the website ( it's basically:- details of your website ) 

 4) Add a Fevi icon and robot text ( these all will increase you're earning 

 5) you can download free themes for bloggers How google will pay? When you will write the post, people will visit and see the post. Google will put ads in between your post. Google pay you when someone sees the ads on your website. After a month you have to register your website for Google sense.

 GOOGLE RULES

 1) article should have a minimum of 800 words 

2) You will not open your website ( as Google pay and ads visibility ) 

3) write search key work in the right side description block 

4) remember google pay is for the organic audience only. 

 How much time do you have to give?

 It's up to you, as it's a passive income you can give one hour or three hours also. Images Remember the photos you upload should have alt text and image text. You have to right-click and tell what the image is about. This will increase the rate of your site visitors. The image should be in png format so that it can be opened easily. You can upload the image from your device, Google Drive, or by URL. Videos should be in mp4 or vlc format. Videos also can be uploaded by URL, YouTube, drive, or device. Only images or videos will not be accepted by Google ads sense there should be a proper combo of text and images + videos. 

 How to increase the earnings? You can list for website on the following website 

 1) google analytic 4

 2) google search console

 3) google publisher ( google news ) Follow my blog to get better results and earnings. You love the work once you start. All income is in $ so you will earn more.

Payment method?

Google pays only by cheque or bank transfer. When you reach $10 google will confirm the bank and address. Google approximate pay 0.01 $ for ads visibility and 1$ to 2 $ on the clicks (country-wise).